ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) assigns numbers 0–127 to letters, digits, punctuation and control characters. Every ASCII character is one byte, and UTF-8 encodes these 128 characters exactly the same way, so this table is the starting point for encoding Base64 by hand.
The last column shows what a single byte with that value looks like in Base64. Notice that one byte always produces two characters plus ==.
| Dec | Hex | Binary | Char | Base64 of this byte |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 00 | 00000000 | NUL | AA== |
| 1 | 01 | 00000001 | SOH | AQ== |
| 2 | 02 | 00000010 | STX | Ag== |
| 3 | 03 | 00000011 | ETX | Aw== |
| 4 | 04 | 00000100 | EOT | BA== |
| 5 | 05 | 00000101 | ENQ | BQ== |
| 6 | 06 | 00000110 | ACK | Bg== |
| 7 | 07 | 00000111 | BEL | Bw== |
| 8 | 08 | 00001000 | BS | CA== |
| 9 | 09 | 00001001 | HT | CQ== |
| 10 | 0A | 00001010 | LF | Cg== |
| 11 | 0B | 00001011 | VT | Cw== |
| 12 | 0C | 00001100 | FF | DA== |
| 13 | 0D | 00001101 | CR | DQ== |
| 14 | 0E | 00001110 | SO | Dg== |
| 15 | 0F | 00001111 | SI | Dw== |
| 16 | 10 | 00010000 | DLE | EA== |
| 17 | 11 | 00010001 | DC1 | EQ== |
| 18 | 12 | 00010010 | DC2 | Eg== |
| 19 | 13 | 00010011 | DC3 | Ew== |
| 20 | 14 | 00010100 | DC4 | FA== |
| 21 | 15 | 00010101 | NAK | FQ== |
| 22 | 16 | 00010110 | SYN | Fg== |
| 23 | 17 | 00010111 | ETB | Fw== |
| 24 | 18 | 00011000 | CAN | GA== |
| 25 | 19 | 00011001 | EM | GQ== |
| 26 | 1A | 00011010 | SUB | Gg== |
| 27 | 1B | 00011011 | ESC | Gw== |
| 28 | 1C | 00011100 | FS | HA== |
| 29 | 1D | 00011101 | GS | HQ== |
| 30 | 1E | 00011110 | RS | Hg== |
| 31 | 1F | 00011111 | US | Hw== |
| 32 | 20 | 00100000 | (space) | IA== |
| 33 | 21 | 00100001 | ! |
IQ== |
| 34 | 22 | 00100010 | " |
Ig== |
| 35 | 23 | 00100011 | # |
Iw== |
| 36 | 24 | 00100100 | $ |
JA== |
| 37 | 25 | 00100101 | % |
JQ== |
| 38 | 26 | 00100110 | & |
Jg== |
| 39 | 27 | 00100111 | ' |
Jw== |
| 40 | 28 | 00101000 | ( |
KA== |
| 41 | 29 | 00101001 | ) |
KQ== |
| 42 | 2A | 00101010 | * |
Kg== |
| 43 | 2B | 00101011 | + |
Kw== |
| 44 | 2C | 00101100 | , |
LA== |
| 45 | 2D | 00101101 | - |
LQ== |
| 46 | 2E | 00101110 | . |
Lg== |
| 47 | 2F | 00101111 | / |
Lw== |
| 48 | 30 | 00110000 | 0 |
MA== |
| 49 | 31 | 00110001 | 1 |
MQ== |
| 50 | 32 | 00110010 | 2 |
Mg== |
| 51 | 33 | 00110011 | 3 |
Mw== |
| 52 | 34 | 00110100 | 4 |
NA== |
| 53 | 35 | 00110101 | 5 |
NQ== |
| 54 | 36 | 00110110 | 6 |
Ng== |
| 55 | 37 | 00110111 | 7 |
Nw== |
| 56 | 38 | 00111000 | 8 |
OA== |
| 57 | 39 | 00111001 | 9 |
OQ== |
| 58 | 3A | 00111010 | : |
Og== |
| 59 | 3B | 00111011 | ; |
Ow== |
| 60 | 3C | 00111100 | < |
PA== |
| 61 | 3D | 00111101 | = |
PQ== |
| 62 | 3E | 00111110 | > |
Pg== |
| 63 | 3F | 00111111 | ? |
Pw== |
| 64 | 40 | 01000000 | @ |
QA== |
| 65 | 41 | 01000001 | A |
QQ== |
| 66 | 42 | 01000010 | B |
Qg== |
| 67 | 43 | 01000011 | C |
Qw== |
| 68 | 44 | 01000100 | D |
RA== |
| 69 | 45 | 01000101 | E |
RQ== |
| 70 | 46 | 01000110 | F |
Rg== |
| 71 | 47 | 01000111 | G |
Rw== |
| 72 | 48 | 01001000 | H |
SA== |
| 73 | 49 | 01001001 | I |
SQ== |
| 74 | 4A | 01001010 | J |
Sg== |
| 75 | 4B | 01001011 | K |
Sw== |
| 76 | 4C | 01001100 | L |
TA== |
| 77 | 4D | 01001101 | M |
TQ== |
| 78 | 4E | 01001110 | N |
Tg== |
| 79 | 4F | 01001111 | O |
Tw== |
| 80 | 50 | 01010000 | P |
UA== |
| 81 | 51 | 01010001 | Q |
UQ== |
| 82 | 52 | 01010010 | R |
Ug== |
| 83 | 53 | 01010011 | S |
Uw== |
| 84 | 54 | 01010100 | T |
VA== |
| 85 | 55 | 01010101 | U |
VQ== |
| 86 | 56 | 01010110 | V |
Vg== |
| 87 | 57 | 01010111 | W |
Vw== |
| 88 | 58 | 01011000 | X |
WA== |
| 89 | 59 | 01011001 | Y |
WQ== |
| 90 | 5A | 01011010 | Z |
Wg== |
| 91 | 5B | 01011011 | [ |
Ww== |
| 92 | 5C | 01011100 | \ |
XA== |
| 93 | 5D | 01011101 | ] |
XQ== |
| 94 | 5E | 01011110 | ^ |
Xg== |
| 95 | 5F | 01011111 | _ |
Xw== |
| 96 | 60 | 01100000 | ` |
YA== |
| 97 | 61 | 01100001 | a |
YQ== |
| 98 | 62 | 01100010 | b |
Yg== |
| 99 | 63 | 01100011 | c |
Yw== |
| 100 | 64 | 01100100 | d |
ZA== |
| 101 | 65 | 01100101 | e |
ZQ== |
| 102 | 66 | 01100110 | f |
Zg== |
| 103 | 67 | 01100111 | g |
Zw== |
| 104 | 68 | 01101000 | h |
aA== |
| 105 | 69 | 01101001 | i |
aQ== |
| 106 | 6A | 01101010 | j |
ag== |
| 107 | 6B | 01101011 | k |
aw== |
| 108 | 6C | 01101100 | l |
bA== |
| 109 | 6D | 01101101 | m |
bQ== |
| 110 | 6E | 01101110 | n |
bg== |
| 111 | 6F | 01101111 | o |
bw== |
| 112 | 70 | 01110000 | p |
cA== |
| 113 | 71 | 01110001 | q |
cQ== |
| 114 | 72 | 01110010 | r |
cg== |
| 115 | 73 | 01110011 | s |
cw== |
| 116 | 74 | 01110100 | t |
dA== |
| 117 | 75 | 01110101 | u |
dQ== |
| 118 | 76 | 01110110 | v |
dg== |
| 119 | 77 | 01110111 | w |
dw== |
| 120 | 78 | 01111000 | x |
eA== |
| 121 | 79 | 01111001 | y |
eQ== |
| 122 | 7A | 01111010 | z |
eg== |
| 123 | 7B | 01111011 | { |
ew== |
| 124 | 7C | 01111100 | | |
fA== |
| 125 | 7D | 01111101 | } |
fQ== |
| 126 | 7E | 01111110 | ~ |
fg== |
| 127 | 7F | 01111111 | DEL | fw== |
Characters 0–31 and 127 are non-printable control codes. The most common ones are HT (tab, 9), LF (line feed, 10) and CR (carriage return, 13). Values 128–255 are not ASCII; their meaning depends on the character set (for example Windows-1252 or ISO-8859-1), and in UTF-8 they only appear as parts of multi-byte characters.
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