Символи Base64

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This learning guide on Base64Encoding explains base64 characters in plain language for developers and everyday users.

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The standard Base64 alphabet (RFC 4648) contains exactly 64 characters, plus = for padding:

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/

Index table

Value Binary Char Value Binary Char Value Binary Char Value Binary Char
0 000000 A 16 010000 Q 32 100000 g 48 110000 w
1 000001 B 17 010001 R 33 100001 h 49 110001 x
2 000010 C 18 010010 S 34 100010 i 50 110010 y
3 000011 D 19 010011 T 35 100011 j 51 110011 z
4 000100 E 20 010100 U 36 100100 k 52 110100 0
5 000101 F 21 010101 V 37 100101 l 53 110101 1
6 000110 G 22 010110 W 38 100110 m 54 110110 2
7 000111 H 23 010111 X 39 100111 n 55 110111 3
8 001000 I 24 011000 Y 40 101000 o 56 111000 4
9 001001 J 25 011001 Z 41 101001 p 57 111001 5
10 001010 K 26 011010 a 42 101010 q 58 111010 6
11 001011 L 27 011011 b 43 101011 r 59 111011 7
12 001100 M 28 011100 c 44 101100 s 60 111100 8
13 001101 N 29 011101 d 45 101101 t 61 111101 9
14 001110 O 30 011110 e 46 101110 u 62 111110 +
15 001111 P 31 011111 f 47 101111 v 63 111111 /

Padding: = (not a data value; it only marks missing bytes at the end).

Why these characters?

The 62 letters and digits are identical in virtually every character set in use, including ASCII, the ISO-8859 family, UTF-8 and even EBCDIC-to-ASCII gateways, so they survive any text channel. The two remaining characters differ between standards, because + and / have special meanings in URLs and file names.

Variant alphabets

Standard Value 62 Value 63 Padding
Standard / MIME / PEM + / = required
Base64URL - _ usually omitted
IMAP mailbox names (RFC 3501) + , none
XML name tokens . - none
XML identifiers _ : none

Quick facts

  • Characters that are never valid in standard Base64: spaces, -, _, ., %, # and any non-ASCII character. Use the validator to find them.
  • Base64 is case-sensitive: a (26) and A (0) are different values.
  • = can only appear at the end, at most twice.
  • A string of only letters and digits is valid in every variant at once, which is why the detector may report several matches.

Часті запитання

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No. Articles are static. Linked tools run locally in your browser unless a feature explicitly needs a network relay.

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Yes — use the private feedback form. We prioritize what users ask for across languages.

What is the fastest way to try base64 characters?

Open the homepage Base64 converter or the related tools linked on this page and paste a sample.

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